nature of tourism

The nature of tourism is closely nonneced with travelling .it has been human phenomenon since the beginning of human civilization .it is a sensivitive factor of the human nature in the context of moving to survive ,explor ,and to know the unlnown .in the early times ,they stared travelling as nomads in search of prey and food .leter ,the development of the agricultural system created a base of the movement to various destinations .it made the traveller's lfe styel easier and safer to realize their tourism activities .

thus ,the modern tourism is absolutely changed due to complete development of over all sectors of tourism components and consciousness of the people .the nature of tourism descrided in the following headings

Hospitality

the conceptual definition of hospitality as per the oxford english dectionary(OED)"reception and entertainment of guests,visitore,or stangers with liberality and goowill" the most important aspect of the hospitality personifies warm welcome ,reception and cordiality howecer ,in hospitality imdustry the warm recepion invariably includes providing alrasant environment by means of its available facilites and activities.
the english speakers created the distinction of hospitality industry according evolutionary process of tourism activities in tne late 19th century .in thise text ,the word hotel used generically is include motels and lnns.

COMPONENTS OF TOURISM

Tourism involves starting the travel by people from their own place to a certain destination crossing other deatination .hence ,during the journey to ,and after reaching the destination ,they should be provided various facilities and services. by now ,we know that tourism is the activities is a must ,at the same time there is a dire need of various components to cater to the unerse needs of the tourosm .in order to make the tourism activities aspiring and fun-filled, the role of the following components becomes very crucial.

IMPORTANCE OF TOURISM

Tourism is a hospitality industry ,which has been growing very fast to be one of the major industry in the world .it plays an important role in national economy .the industrial product produced is an economy like oures is not in a position to compete with the foreign goods due to the quality competition . hence the tourism indursty helps to direct foreign importance of tourism is summarized as un der

CULTURAL DIFFERENCES AND GENERAL CHARECTERISTICS OF TOURISTS

Tourism is an organised tour of people and tourists are the performer for the activities to destination targeted . they are from different region ,country ,and they have different culture custom and tradition .every tourist has hir\her own interest ,needs ,likes and dislikes . hence,one who receives tourist must be aware of their sociel culture and economical background .At the sometime he should be well versed in tourists'interest and their attitude
the choice ,interest ,likings ,etc is determined by the sex ,sex culture ,norms and value ,family enviroment and nationality . children are interested to play ,have fun and enjoy .young people are budgeted and like to be more informal, romantic and fun loving .usually they llike to get involved in adventurous activities .

DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN NEPAL

tourism development and its importance are recent phenomenon in nepal . the first five-years plan was launched in between 1956to1961.it enclosed provision for tourism for the first time in the history of nepal .thise can be taken into account as the dawn of tourism development nepal. the three-years plan launched in july 1962 laid great stress on the compilation of necessary information on economy ,instition reforms in different sectors and the development of information on economy ,infrastructured. some progress was made in the field of transport communication and power during the plan period.

Evolution of hotel industrise

thise refers to the gradual development of the hotel industry from the past to present and perhaps ,it will continue in the future too. since the existence of human kinds in thise words ,they feld a shelter ;food and fibre were the basic needs for them to survuver . in fact ,first endeavour of human was inventing and botaining these things . with the fulfilment of thse needs ,the enolution of hotel industry was influenced by the concept of small lodger-house ,and they were gredually emergrd and development with the activities of animals and sea transport in the middle ages .however ,accommodtion facilities were offered to those people whose purpose of travelling was mostly for war ,pilgrimage ,and royal or trade affairs . in the context of south asia and especilly in nepal and india ,such travellers used to atay in dharmasalas, paties ,pauwas etc with or withoiut cost.

Display kitchen

In thise kicthen food is prepared and cooked in full open view of customers ,which appeals to the eyes ,palate and dining exeperience of the consumers .at the same time ,the sizzle and aroma of food item adds to the pleasure of eating e.g grill room .the hygiene sanitation and decor of the kicthen ,as well as the skill and showmanship of the staff in particular may determine the sale of such kitchens. it is headed by sous chef\chef de partie

FAST FOOD KITCHEN

Fast food kitchen is influenced by American catering technology, i.e., 'fast food to lead a fast life'. Fast food was developed from original 'fish and chips' concept at that time. But modern catering mostly provides dry and ligt food . It is independently estanlished to meet the pace of customers' busy life.It is specially located at the public area (lobby level) of a hotel,or out of hotel were either food is taken away or consumed at the fast food lounge area .
Most of the fast food establishments may be found in retail and leisure areas and in road side service complexes ,airport lounge ,railway station ,and at some events where mobile hamburger and hot-doges stalls are traditionally seen

Satellite kitchen

satellite kitchen is constructed and establishted to mcater to a particular outlet where the main kitchen cannot cater due to its location disadvantege . largely ,this kitchen can organige most of the preparation work in its own kitchen . howerver ,it may depend upon the main kicthen for various other things such as sauce ,stocks, gravies ,pastas,etc usually a sous chef commands over thise kicthen . thise kitchen becomes a must for specialty restauraant such as india , continental ,chinese , mexican ,nepalese ,etc . which are located away from the kitchen.

TYPES OF KITCHEN

*main kitchan
main kicthan is probable located at the cental part of hotel of where overll sequence of food receiving ,storing ,preparing ,cooking ,serving and clearing areas are properly desings and manage . tecnically ,it is knows as central kitchen having maney section . hence ,it may occupy a large space .this kitchen provides wide range of food vatietes e.g. india ,continental ,oriental ,mexican ,italian , etc thorught its respective section with the helps of skilled \semi-skilled culinary crafts person called chef -de-paeties and commie cooks

kitchen

kitchen is well desigend area in which food is prepared and cooked for customers' service .the word kitcen comes from the French word 'cuisine' means 'art of cooking or food preparation in the kitchen '. The varieties of meals that are perpared and cooking by the skilled and semi-skilled culinary crafts are the key person , and food is served in specific areas of the catering establishment. the purpose of kitchen organization isto produce te right quantity and quality of food in its best stanard for required numbr of people by the most effective use of staff, equipment and materials .
The requirment of the kitcn has to be clearly identified with regard to the typ of food that is to be preared ,

Evolution of hotel industries

this refers to the gradual development of the hotel industry from the past to present and perhaps ,it will continue in the future too. since the existence of human kind in this world ,they felt a shelter ;food and fibre were the basic needs for them to survive. in fact ,first endeavour of human was inventing and obtaining these things . eith the fulfilment of these needs ,the evolution of hotel industry was influenced by the concept of animals lodge house ,and they were gradually emerged and development with the activites of animals and sea transport in the middln ages . however ,accommodation facilities were offered to those people whose purpose of travelling was mostly in nepal and india ,such travellers used to stay in dharmasalas,paties pauwas ,etc with or without cost

Characteristics of hotel industry

the concept of hospitality refers to friendly behaviour towards visitors. its ultimate objective is to provide facilities for people travelling away from their familiar home environment. hence;hotel is a principal place of the hospitality business,which has charm atmosphere and characterisitics. its primary objectives are providing food ,beverage, accommodation and basic amenities during the stay of guests /visitor for the comfort and convenience. the characteristics of the modern hotels are as follows
1:clean and comfortable rooms attached with bathrooms /toilets ,fully equipped with necessery supplies
2:clinic facilities with qualified doctora and necessary supplies
3:account department for banking works and overall activities of hotel accountancy
4:top management of the security and protection ,and 24 hours maintenance facilites

Development of hotel and catering industries in nepal

With the dawn of democracy in 1950A.D.,foreogn tourists were officially allowed nepal.however ,there are evidences of toursts visiting since lichhavi era ,but unofficail during those days ,people travelled from one place to anorher for the workes of royal affairs or indiveduals .they were then provided with patees ,pouwas or dharmshalas for accommodetion with or without cost.

hotel and catering industries from integral conponents of tourism . hence ,development tourism is a must for the development of hotel and catering industry in nepal ,development of hotel and catering industry occurred only after 1954 A.D

Room service

this is an essential outlet of food and beverage department in a hotel that serves meals and drinks in the guest's room suites twenty four hourse . in most hotels ,room servise facilities are centralized and located next to the main kitchen 'servise bars and servise elevator .althought in small hotelsservice lounger such as dining room or coffe shop also provides food in guest's room .in very large hotels .the room service facilities are decentralized in each floor as a pantry or speciality kitchen . however its way of ordering may differ from hotel to hotel depending upon its infrastrural facilities

Layout of housekeepimg department

Housekeeping is one of most votal and essential departments of the hotel in many aspects sections within housekeeping department play an important role to make the operation successful. designs , space and the number of sections in housekeeping departmant differs from hotel to hotel ,although working style remaints more or less the same . the layout of the various sections must be planned in an efficient way ,so that every activity within the department is regulated and monitored by the heads if the respective section at the planing stage of housekeeping sections it is essentail to determine the different jobs its perform.the layout of various section and their activities relies upon the following factor
1.type of establishment
2.size of the establihment
3.space of the establihment
4.service standaed targeted
5.facilites and supplies offered

Housekeeping

Definition and function

The term housekeeping refers to "keeping the house clean,comfortable and safe".It is alsosynonymous to accommodation for people to live in.it is one of the largest department in the hotel .it is also regarded as the backbone of all the lodging industry ,which is solely responsible for maintaining a clean,hygienic and safe enviroment for ist customers and ataff.

maximum apace of the building in hotel industry is sesigned and constructed for accommodation to stay and sleep over . hence ,the housekeeping operetion has the prime task of keeping the guestroom and public areas clean and attractive .thise department is required to plan ,organize and control the entire activites of the accommodation.

Rail catering

The catering to rail way pasanger Deuring the journey as well as way as Deuring the stop at diffrent railway starting is called railway catering Travelling by tran for a long distance can be tairing supplie a variety of refreshments halps to make journey comfortable.

Transport catering

Air line catering
It is for the benifit travellers in loure of flight. Thise catering may be done either through a light kitchen ran by the airline or through a contract with flight catering companies

Night club

It is principally open at night for dinner dance and cubarate a dispensing bar is always provided decer is lavish and the life bard is important the set up